プロジェクト(Project)

シヴィロペディア/建造物(Building)に近いのですが、ゲーム内で分けて管理されているのでこちらもページを分けました。

The Manhattan Project (マンハッタン計画) †

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• すべての文明で、ICBMの生産、およびBomb Shelters（核シェルター）の建設が可能になります。

• マンハッタン計画とは第二次世界大戦中にアメリカ合衆国、イギリス、カナダがドイツよりも早く核爆弾を作るという目的において実行された共同計画のコードネームである。既に数年もの間様々な科学者が独自に核の物理的性質を研究してはいたが、マンハッタン計画はそれらのものとは全く次元の違う規模で行われた。すなわち、何百人もの連合国側の最高峰の科学者と技師とその家族らが皆、国内の様々な場所にある秘密研究所へ移り住み、プロジェクトが成功するまで研究を続けるというほどであった。

  労働環境は極めて原始的で警備は信じられないほど厳重だった。アメリカ軍がプロジェクト全体を推進したが、実際の研究の進め方については科学者にまかされた。そういったことで、マンハッタン計画はとても壮大な計画であったが、その理由は当時最も科学的、技術的に困難である計画のひとつを解決するという目的があったからである。男性も女性も、集められた兵士や研究者も厳しい環境と肉体的精神的な極度の疲労を耐え抜いた。警備はあらゆるセキリュティーの化合物みたいで、とても厳重で、多くの人は配置された基地の外を見ることすら決してなかった。彼らは愛国心ともしドイツが核爆弾を最初に開発して、国に落とされたら自分や家族の身に何が起こってしまうのだろうかという恐怖によって維持されていた。

  ご存知のとおり、努力が実ってついに1945年の中ごろ、アメリカは二つの実践的な核爆弾を作ることに成功した。元の標的であったドイツは既に降伏していたが、日本とは未だに戦闘状態だったために、八月の初旬にこれらの核爆弾は長崎と広島に投下され、その後、日本の天皇はすぐに降伏宣言を発表した。

  終戦から数十年が経って改めて考えてみると、マンハッタン計画が民主主義の為に世界を救う手助けをしたのか、それとも世界の滅亡に近づかせたのかははっきりとしない。しかし、当時の人々は男も女も新兵器を得ることによって、凶悪な独裁政治や彼らの愛する全てのものの破壊を防ぐために戦っているのだという信条を抱いていたし、成功するためにはどんなことでも犠牲にしてよかったのである。

• Enables ICBMs and Bomb Shelters for all players.
  • The Manhattan Project was the code name for a joint project undertaken by the United States, Great Britain and Canada during World War II, the objective being to build an atomic weapon before Germany. While various laboratories had been independently studying nuclear physics for a number of years, the Manhattan Project would be on an entirely different scale; hundreds of the allies' top scientists and engineers were, along with their families, taken to various secret locations around the country where they would stay until the project succeeded.

    Working conditions were extremely primitive and security was incredibly tight. The United States Army was in overall charge of the Manhattan Project, while the scientists remained in control over the actual research. The scope of the Manhattan Project was immense, and it involved solving some of the most difficult scientific and engineering projects of the day. The men and women, a collection of soldiers and scientists, endured harsh conditions and physical and mental exhaustion, which were compounded by security so tight that many never saw the outside of the base on which they were stationed. They were sustained by their patriotism and by fear of what would happen to them, their families, and their countries if Germany created the bomb first.

    Eventually, of course, the effort paid off. By the middle of 1945 the US had two working atomic bombs. Germany, the original target, had already surrendered, but Japan was still in the fight. The two weapons were dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki early in August, and the Japanese Empire surrendered shortly thereafter.

    From our perspective some decades later, it isn't clear whether the Manhattan Project helped to save the world for democracy or brought it closer to fiery destruction. But the men and women involved believed they were fighting to stop a terrible dictatorship from gaining a new weapon and destroying everything they loved, and they were willing to sacrifice everything to succeed.

The Internet (インターネット) †

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• 2つ以上の既知の文明がすでに発見している技術をすべて手に入れます。
  • インターネットは有線、電話通信、人工衛星で繋がれたコンピューターネットワークです。これらのコンピューターは情報を高速に転送することを考慮して、同一の言語を共有しています。誰もがコンピューターとモデム（もしくは中継器）でインターネットを利用して情報を収集し、またはニュースや意見を発信し、或いは仮想現実の観衆の中で同じ考えの人を探すことができます。この数年でインターネットは情報収集・伝達の手段と、ネットワークの予測不可能な将来性を劇的に変化させました。

    インターネットは1960年代初期に初めて考案されました。当時はコンピューター、ネットワーク接続及び共通言語がまだ存在しなかったので議論は純粋に理論上のものでした。冷戦の最中であったことを考えると、必要な国際間の協力は行われませんでした。しかしこの構想は、特にアメリカ国内の大学や研究所から支持を集め、1969年までにアメリカ国内４ヵ所（訳注：カルフォルニア大学ロサンゼルス校、スタンフォード研究所、カルフォルニア大学サンタバーバラ校、ユタ大学）に設けられたコンピューターがARPAnet（訳注：1969年に米国防総省の高等研究計画局(ARPA - Advanced Research Projects Agency)が導入したコンピューターネットワーク）を通じて相互に結ばれました。

    1980年代半ばまでにネットワークの中核が設けられて通信プロトコルが決定され、インターネットは動き始めました。1990年代初期までには最初のインターネットプロトコル（HTTP）が作成され、初めての閲覧ソフトが公開されました。ワールドワイドウェブの誕生です。

    今日、インターネットは企業や宗教、政府といった組織よりもむしろ個人によって大規模に構成された、数少ない巨大なプロジェクトの一つとして存在しています。ネットワークの一部分は確かに米国防総省によって作られ、提供されました。しかし多くの部分は大学教授や科学者、エンジニアによって断片的に組み立てられ、有機的に集まりました。おそらく彼らは個人的な利益を求めることよりも、「情報社会」は自分たちが従事するに値する構想であるという考えのほうが勝っていたのでしょう。

• Grants the builder all technologies that are already discovered by 2 known civilizations.
  • The Internet is a computer network linked by hard wire, telephony and satellite. These computers share the same language, allowing for the fast transfer of information. Anyone with a computer and a modem (or other hookup) can utilize the Internet to gather information, to broadcast news and opinions, or to shoot at other like-minded folks in virtual reality galleries. In its few years of existence the Internet has dramatically changed the way that information is gathered and transmitted, and the network's full potential cannot be guessed.

    The Internet was first conceived of in the early 1960s. At that time the discussion was purely theoretical, as the computers, the connections, and the common language did not yet exist. Given that it was the height of the Cold War, neither did the necessary international cooperation. But the idea had many supporters, especially in universities and research labs around the US, and by 1969 four computers located around the country were in communication with each other through ARPA-Net.

    By the mid-1980s, the core of the network was in place, the communications protocols had been determined, and the Internet was live. By the early 1990s the first Internet language (http) was written and the first browser was published. The World Wide Web was born.

    The Internet stands today as one of the few great projects constructed largely by individuals rather than by an organization such as a corporation, religion, or government. Various portions of the network were indeed created and funded by the US Department of Defense - but much of it came together organically, built in bits and pieces by professors, scientists and engineers, perhaps less for personal gain than because they thought the "information society" was an idea worth pursuing.

SDI （戦略防衛構想） †

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• 敵のICBMを迎撃できる確率が75%になります。
  • SDIは"Strategic Defense Initiative（戦略防衛構想）"の略称であり、接近する核ミサイルに対して地上及び宇宙で防衛するために1980年代中期、アメリカで行われた研究プログラムです。提案されたように、SDIは接近する大陸間弾道ミサイルを発見してそのコースを追跡し、アメリカ合衆国の都市上空で爆発する前にミサイルを破壊する為の防衛システムです。

    兵器のプラットフォームを宇宙に置くという構想は何年も存在しています。実際に主な宇宙の軍事力は既に秘密裏に実現しているかもしれません。いくつかの国は間違いなく、敵対国の通信や情報能力を混乱させるために敵の人口衛星を破壊する「衛星破壊用人工衛星」を建造しています。

    接近するミサイルを破壊する具体的な方法は決定されていません。ある国は敵のミサイルを宇宙で無力化するために、核爆発を用いる強力なX線レーザーを提案しています。別の国はパトリオットミサイルを基にして、地上から発射する弾道弾迎撃ミサイルを提案しています。

    これまで、核ミサイルを迎撃する計画はほんの僅かしか進展しておらず、将来どうなっていくかは不透明です。一部の人々は、飛来する核ミサイルの脅威が遥か遠く離れた出来事であると信じています。特に、テロリストによって国内に密輸された核兵器の脅威と比較した場合はそれが顕著です。他の人々は、この計画全体が欠陥であり、核ミサイルを撃ち落とすシステムを作るためにお金を費やすよりもむしろ、潜在的な敵を買収して彼らの核ミサイルを破棄させるほうが良いと確信しています。

• +75% chance of intercepting ICBMs.
  • SDI stands for "Strategic Defense Initiative," a research program implemented by the United States in the mid-1980s to provide a ground and space-based shield against incoming nuclear missiles. As proposed, the SDI is a defensive system that will spot incoming intercontinental ballistic missiles, track their courses, and then destroy them before they detonate over US cities.

    The concept of putting weapons platforms in space has been around for years; in fact the major space powers may have already done so in secret. Some nations have certainly built "satellite killers," satellites designed to destroy enemy satellites, disrupting the opposition's communications and intelligence capabilities.

    The specific method of incoming missile destruction hasn't been determined. Some have proposed creating powerful x-ray lasers powered by nuclear explosions that would melt the enemy weapons in space; others suggest ground-based anti-missile rockets on the Patriot missile model.

    To date the project has made little in the way of visible progress, and its future is uncertain. Some people believe that the threat of an incoming nuclear missile is extremely remote, especially when compared to the threat of a nuclear bomb being smuggled into the country by terrorists. Others believe that the entire concept is flawed and that the money would be better spent bribing potential enemies into destroying their ICBMs rather than trying to create a system to shoot them down.

Apollo Program (アポロ計画) †

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• 宇宙船のパーツを生産するために必要です。
  • アポロ計画は人間を月に送るという野心的な計画でした。この計画は宇宙開発競争でのソビエトに優位に危機感を抱いたアメリカ連邦政府によって1950年代の終わり頃に発案されました。1961年にジョン・Ｆ・ケネディ大統領は議会との合同会議の前に次のように演説しました。「私は我が国が目標を達成する為であるなら全力を尽くす国家である事を信じている。その目標とは十年以内に人間を月に立たせ、そしてその後彼を安全に地球に返すという事だ。」

    ケネディー大統領が実際にアポロ計画の成功を信頼していたかについてはいくつかの憶測があります。；実際には彼は計画の費用と科学的な実現可能性に深刻な疑問を抱いおり、彼の演説は主に広報戦略が目的であったとも言われています。彼は当時顕在化していたソビエトの宇宙での脅威に直面する中でアメリカ人の精神を高揚させる必要がありました。しかし、アメリカの創造性はこの計画により加速され、計画は驚異的なスピードで進められていきました。

    アポロ計画の技術者たちは膨大な数の困難な科学的挑戦、技術的挑戦を乗り越えねばなりませんでした。月面への行き、戻って来る為には多くの過程を必要としました。：地球からの離陸、地球から月への航行、月への降下、月衛星軌道への再上昇、地球への帰還、地表への落下。アポロ計画には多様な機能を持ち、なおかつその当時に利用できたロケットで衛星軌道にまで送り込めるだけの軽さを保った乗り物が必要とされました。（この課題は潜水艦並の気密性とオフロードカー並の月面走破性を持ち、飛行機のように空を飛んで、なおかつフォルクスワーゲンのビートルで牽引できる程度の軽さを持つ乗り物を作るようなものでした。）

    アポロ計画は成功し、1969年に人類が月面上を歩きました。その事実はアポロ計画に参加した全ての人の創意と勇気と粘り強さを示す偉大な証です。

• Required to build any spaceship parts.
  • The Apollo Program was an ambitious project to put a man on the moon. The program was conceived of in the late 1950s by United State officials who were appalled at the Soviet Union's lead in the space race. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy stated before a joint session of Congress, "I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth."

    There is some speculation about whether President Kennedy himself actually believed in the project; some say that he had serious questions about the cost and scientific feasibility, and that his proposal was mostly a public relations gimmick to raise America's spirits in the face of the perceived Soviet space threat. But America's imagination was fired by the project, and work proceeded with speed.

    The Apollo Program's managers had to overcome an incredible number of daunting scientific and engineering challenges to succeed. The journey involved many separate phases: ascent from Earth, travel from the Earth to the Moon, descent to the Moon and return to Lunar orbit, followed by the journey back to Earth, and then down to Earth's surface. This required a vehicle with many different capabilities that remained light enough to be put into orbit by the rockets available at the time. (The problem was akin to trying to create a combination submarine, all-terrain vehicle and airplane that could be towed by a Volkswagen Beetle.)

    That the Apollo Program succeeded and a man walked on the moon in 1969 is an incredible testament to the ingenuity, courage and persistence shown by the dedicated men and women involved.

Space Ship （宇宙船） †

• 宇宙船の各パーツはSpace Race（宇宙船建造競争）の勝利条件を満たすために必要となります。

• A component of a space ship, required to achieve the Space Race victory condition.

SS Casing （外殻） †

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• Although humankind has mastered space flight, the concept of interstellar and deep space travel presents many new problems to engineers and physicists. The Exterior Casing of the Space Ship is itself a technological marvel. Designed around a composite system of layered ceramic, zero-gee manufactured aluminum-titanium alloy, and high density polymers, the Exterior Casing is made to withstand both the dangers of debris within star systems and of radiation throughout its travel. Built into the Exterior Casing is also a complex web of electric wiring, capable of carrying a very high positive or negative electromagnetic charge, providing a shield from radiation and literally funneling electromagnetic energy and space borne hydrogen dust into the solar sail where it can be collected and used for further fuel. It is also designed with multiple levels of sensors designed to collect scientific data and to give a clear picture to the navigational computer and to the pilots of what is going on outside of the vehicle. Although this composite design for an Exterior Casing is expensive, the protection and potential scientific information that it affords is well worth the cost of manufacture.

SS Thrusters （スラスター） †

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• The massive Thrusters are, much like the Engine, designed to function in a myriad of ways. Designed in stages like the Engines, the Thrusters channel the exhaust used to propel the Space Ship through all of its phases of travel. In the initial phase, the external booster rockets channel their fuel through the Thrusters array until they run out of fuel, at which point they are jettisoned. After that, the powerful electromagnets built into the Thrusters help accelerate the charged particles of the ion drive to near the speed of light, providing a great deal of thrust for the Space Ship.

  Finally, in the last stages of travel, the Thrusters are responsible for maneuvering the Space Ship into the planet's gravity well and providing a counter thrust to slow the vessel to a manageable velocity to settle into a geo-synchronous orbit. In order to fulfill all of these functions, the Thrusters array had to be capable of the ultra-sensitive duty of accelerating high energy ions as well as be able to handle the hundreds of thousands of pounds of thrust produced by the solid fuel boosters.

  The engineers who designed the Thrusters were able to fulfill both of these functions as well as making them articulated to allow for maneuverability that is remarkable considering the mass and projected velocities of the craft.

SS Engine （エンジン） †

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• The Space Ship Engine is actually a four part launch vehicle, designed to enable the Space Ship to complete its journey both within the high gravity space-time bends surrounding star systems and through the vast emptiness of deep space that separates our star from Alpha Centauri. Its first stage is the external booster rockets, which, much like the terrestrially launched shuttles of the late twentieth century, are solid fuel boosters and are jettisoned when they are no longer needed. They are crucial to build the initial impulse which will carry the Space Ship into Jupiter's gravity well, giving it the energy to slingshot to Uranus and then out into deep space. The second part to the Engine is the Space Ship's solar sail, which was designed both to use the radiation emitted from our sun and Jupiter for propulsion and to collect atomic particles for further future fuel and materials. The third part of the Engine array is the ion drive, which will harness both nuclear power and collected hydrogen to propel the craft through deep space, channeling high energy particles through the Thrusters. The fourth and most externally obvious component is the hydrogen solid fuel rocket, which will be used in the final phases of the Space Ship's travel to place it in orbit around Alpha Centauri's planetary system.

SS Docking Bay （ドッキングベイ） †

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• Built entirely in space and for space travel, the Space Ship is a marvel of human technology. The Docking Bay module allows for the transfer of personnel and materials both during the initial loading of the Space Ship as well as during its final orbit, during which it will be converted to a Space Station for the first phase of the colonization and terraforming process. The Docking Bay module also holds the RCV Manned Shuttle, the main travel and transit vehicle for the Space Ship occupants, as well as providing access for the engineers to the exterior of the Space Ship during space walks. The Docking Bay is in essence a large air lock with a door large enough to release the RCV, flanked by a pair of smaller air locks for transferal of small teams of individuals. The Docking Bay also has large magnetic locks, allowing the Space Ship to join to the International Space Station prior to its departure during the final phases of supply loading before launching from Earth's orbit for its interstellar trip.

SS Cockpit （コックピット） †

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• The command and control center of the Space Ship, the Cockpit component is the brain of the vessel. Ergonomically designed for the comfort of the pilots, the Cockpit holds all of the advanced navigation and systems control computers necessary for interstellar travel and interplanetary colonization as well as providing for all of the long-term necessities of its occupants. A fully encased component, the Cockpit has no unshielded area, completely encasing the occupants in a protective shell of titanium, ceramic, and an electromagnetic repulsion system to shed unwanted radiation. It utilizes the latest in holographic technology for star chart navigation, heads up displays for a 360 degree range of vision around the Space Ship, and the most advanced sensors available for collision detection and avoidance.

  The crowning jewel of the Cockpit component, however, is the advanced CAM Computer System, an artificial intelligence system designed to evaluate the potential dangers of deep space flight that may be encountered in the regions that no human has ever before penetrated. The CAM System continually monitors radiation fields and particle positions, judging the best way to deal with any potential threat and alerting the pilots in case of an emergency. The CAM system also helps keep the pilots entertained, having full access to the libraries of the Planetary Party lounge and being the most advanced Chess computer in the known galaxy.

SS Life Support （生命維持装置） †

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• Essential to the sustenance of human life are food, water, air, and heat, and the Life Support System provides all of these things. Recycling is the key to the Space Ship's Life Support System, and no organic component is left to waste in the vessel. Computers control the collection and recycling of waste, which is injected into large vats of algae which consume the waste or processed into fertilizer for the Space Ship hydroponics garden. Both the algae and the garden provide food and oxygen for the colonists as well as for their livestock, which consist of fish, shrimp, and a particularly hearty (and tasty) breed of Peruvian mountain llama.

  Extra oxygen is processed in the air filtration system, which electrically divides water into hydrogen and oxygen molecules and separates them for oxygen and fuel uses. Excess heat produced by the Fuel Cells is also absorbed into steam pipes, which are used to keep the interior of the vessel warm and to separate pure water out of waste water to a 99.44% purity.

  Extraplanetary travel has never before been attempted on this scale, and the Life Support System has been carefully crafted to provide indefinitely for the needs of the colonists as well as giving them a basis for redeveloping a food chain on the eventual planet of colonization.

SS Stasis Chamber （冷凍睡眠室） †

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• With a journey predicted to take decades, if not centuries, one of the most important considerations of the engineers was the aging of the crew. Recent advances in cryogenics and chemical therapy have enabled scientists to chemically slow the metabolic process to a virtual standstill, which enables the scientists to then deep freeze the body without harm. Sensors regulate the zero-oxygen environment to ensure that the colonists will be kept as safe as possible, and a special warming system utilizing broad spectrum electromagnetic radiation is used to quickly and safely restore warmth to the body.

  The radiation also has the effect of breaking down the chemical agents that slow the colonists' metabolism, making them able to be thawed out in a matter of seconds and fully aware in a little over a minute. This is essential to the survival of the craft in a situation in which the computer is unable to determine a course of action and a pilot or navigator must be roused to assess the danger, or in a situation in which a technician must be roused to effect repairs.

  This system has been used very effectively in tests on pigs and monkeys, and it has been shown that such animals in deep cryogenic sleep have been able to be roused after three years with absolutely no visible side effects. A couple of military volunteers have also been frozen to test the system, but only for a matter of weeks. Although scientists have not yet tested the effects of long-term freezing on human beings, they are completely confident that there will not be any problems with the Stasis Chamber on the Space Ship.

  Completely confident.